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Quantisation

Storing a model with lower-precision numbers so it needs less memory and runs on ordinary hardware.

Model weights usually start as 16-bit floats. Quantisation stores them in 8, 5 or 4 bits and cuts memory roughly in proportion. A model that wants a data-centre GPU at full precision can run on a laptop at 4-bit.

Quality slips gradually. At 8-bit you will struggle to see a difference. At 4-bit most tasks still work, though long instruction lists and exact formatting go first, and those are what prompts lean on. Below 4-bit the loss is obvious.

That is the main reason a prompt that runs fine on a hosted model needs simplifying for a local one. The Llama platform page lists what to change.

Where this comes up

Prompts, configs and tutorials in the library that touch this term.